Indications

Revered nerve tonic in ayurvedic medicine.

CNS
• poor cognition
• memory
• attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD, ADD)
• general stress
• mood disturbances
• depression
• anxiety
• neurodegenerative disorders
- senility
- dementia
- Parkinson's disease
- Alzheimer's disease
• epilepsy

Actions

• Nootropic
• Nerve Tonic
• Nervine
• Neuroprotective
• Adaptogen
• Anticonvulsant (Mild)
• Anxiolytic
• Antidepressant
• Antiinflammatory

Constituents

• Triterpenoid Saponins (E.g. Bacosides )

Posology

• Tincture (1:5): 1.5-2.5 ml tid
• Liquid extract (1:2): 1-3 ml tid
• Decoction (dried herb): 2-6 qd

Safety

Generally considered safe when used as indicated. Traditionally given to children.

Interactions

• Phenytoin • may decrease " mental fog " when taken concurrently.

References

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Barnes J, Anderson LA, Phillipson JD. Herbal Medicines, 3rd ed. London: Pharmaceutical Press, 2007.

Bone K. Principles and Practice of Phytotherapy. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 2000.

Bone K. A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs: Herbal Formulations for the Individual Patient. St Louis, MO: Churchill Livingstone, 2003.

Brinker F. The Toxicology of Botanical Medicines, 3rd ed. Sandy, Oregon: Eclectic Medical Publications, 2000.

Felter HW, Lloyd JU. King's American Dispensatory. 1898. http://www.ibiblio.org/herbmed/eclectic/kings/main.html. Accessed: August 19, 2006.

Hoffman D. Medical Herbalism. Rochester, Vermont: Healing Arts Press, 2003.

Weiss RF. Herbal Medicine. Beaconsfield, England: Beaconsfield Publishers Ltd, 1988.

Williamson EM, ed. Major Herbs of Ayurveda. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 2002