Indications

Co Q10 SAP supplies a daily dose of 100–200 mg of coenzyme Q10, the therapeutic amount to optimize protection against cardiovascular disease. CoQ10 has the ability to transfer electrons and therefore acts as an antioxidant. CoQ10 has become a valued dietary supplement. CoQ10 has been widely used for the treatment of heart disease (especially chronic heart failure), deficiency from statins or drugs, gum diseases, and also breast cancer.

CARDIOVASCULAR INDICATIONS
Numerous clinical trials supplementing with 100–300 mg/day of CoQ10 have
found improvements in several clinical parameters related to chronic heart failure
(CHF), including frequency of hospitalization, dyspnea, fatigue, and edema(3, 4, 7). A recent clinical trial of 23 patients with CHF supplementing oral CoQ10 (100 mg t.i.d.) resulted in improved functional capacity, endothelial function, and left ventricular contractility without any side effects(8). Similarly, CoQ10 supplementation may offer myocardial protection during cardiac surgery and improve postoperative cardiac function as well as reduce myocardial structural damage(9). A review of clinical trials using CoQ10 at various doses for hypertension, typically as adjuvant therapy, found a mean decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure of 16 and 10 mmHg, respectively(10). Additionally, preliminary human studies of patients within three days after a heart attack given CoQ10 orally reported reductions in deaths, abnormal heart rhythms, and second heart attacks(7). CoQ10 supplementation may also benefit cardiomyopathy (dilated, hypertrophic), angina from clogged heart arteries, and atherosclerosis(7).

NEUROLOGIC AND METABOLIC INDICATIONS
In Parkinson's disease, CoQ10 may be used for slowing of functional decline.
A clinical trial of 80 patients supplementing 1200 mg/day of CoQ10 experienced
44% less functional decline(11). Furthermore, CoQ10 also has demonstrated
positive trends in improving metabolism and physical endurance and reducing
symptoms associated with selected mitochondrial diseases(3, 7).
In early Alzheimer's disease, evidence from human research suggests that CoQ10 supplementation may slow down, but not cure, dementia in patients(7).
In migraine studies, patients taking 150–300 mg/day of CoQ10 experienced
a significant decrease in frequency ( 50%) of migraine attacks and it was
concluded that the number to treat was three(3). Preliminary studies also show potential benefits of CoQ10 supplementation with Friedreich's ataxia, as well as Huntington's disease(3, 7).

BREAST CANCER
Several studies of women with breast cancer have observed decreased CoQ10 levels in blood and diseased breast tissue, however, it is not clear if treatment with CoQ10 is effective(7). On the other hand, anthracycline chemotherapy drug use, commonly used to treat various cancers including breast cancer, leads to heart damage, and CoQ10 supplementation has been suggested to protect against this damage(7). Furthermore, in adjuvant therapy, CoQ10 as a scavenging antioxidant may protect against free radicals in the pathogenesis of cancer, thereby preventing cancer cell proliferation(12).

OTHER DISORDERS
Due to CoQ10's hypoglycemic and hypotensive effects, CoQ10 supplementation
has been studied in patients with type 2 diabetes(13). A recent study
supplementing 200 mg/day of CoQ10 for 12 weeks observed improved blood pressure and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients, however these results were not associated with a reduction in oxidative stress. Since CoQ10 is vital in energy production, the effects of CoQ10 supplementation on exercise performance in athletes and normal healthy adults have been studied; however, results are variable(7). Preliminary studies in periodontitis (gum disease) have also observed improvements in bleeding, swelling and pain with oral or topical application of CoQ10 (7). Currently, several phase II research trials are underway to clarify the potential contribution of CoQ10 in the treatment of conditions such as muscular dystrophy, idiopathic spermatozoa, kidney failure, as well as HIV/AIDS(7).

Ingredients

Each vegetable capsule contains:
Coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone-10 from Japan,
bacterial fermentation) ... 100 mg

Contains no: preservative, artificial flavor or color, sugar, milk, wheat, corn or yeast

Description

Coenzyme Q10 is produced by the human body and is necessary for the basic functioning of healthy living cells. CoQ10 is also the vital catalyst in the creation of energy that cells need for life. Without CoQ10, the chain of cellular energy is broken and without energy, cellular life ceases. CoQ10 levels decrease with age and are even lower in patients with chronic diseases. Prescription drugs including statins may also lower CoQ10 levels, yet they can be increased by supplementing with CoQ10.

NATURAL FERMENTATION NFH Co Q10 SAP is made via fermentation, in which a microorganism naturally produces CoQ10. The CoQ10 is then extracted from the organism and concentrated. It is termed natural and not synthetic since it is normally and naturally produced by the bacterium from which it was obtained. PURITY and STABILITY Third party testing on finished product to ensure Co Q10 SAP is free of heavy metals, PCB's, pesticides, volatile organics and other impurities.

WHAT IS COENZYME Q10? Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a quinone compound synthesized in the human body and has properties similar to those of vitamins(1, 2). Coenzyme Q10 occurs widely in living organisms and because of its ubiquitous distribution in nature it is also known as ubiquinone. Structurally, CoQ10 (C59H90O4) is a benzoquinone ring compound, has 10 isoprenoid units in the side chain and occurs naturally in the trans configuration. CoQ10 is present in all human tissues, highly concentrated in the mitochondria as an endogenous cofactor in the mitochondrial energy production(2, 3). Another important function of CoQ10 is as an antioxidant(1). Many chronic diseases are associated with dysfunctional energy metabolism, and CoQ10 supplementation has been widely tested and used in the treatment of cardiac, neurologic, oncologic, as well as other disorders(3). Used in most countries, CoQ10 supplementation targets improving cellular bioenergies, counteracting oxidative stress and slowing down some aging-related pathologies(2, 4).

ENERGY PRODUCTION AND ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES Present in all human tissues, ~50% of CoQ10 is localized in the mitochondrial membrane(5). CoQ10, a cofactor in the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC), is essential for ATP production and therefore plays a fundamental role in cellular bioenergies. CoQ10 mainly functions in the ETC as a mobile redox agent shuttling electrons and protons, however the redox functions of CoQ10 exist outside of the mitochondria. CoQ10 in its reduced form, ubiquinol, is a powerful antioxidant. As an antioxidant, CoQ10 prevents lipid peroxidation(3) and can recycle and regenerate other antioxidants such as tocopherol and ascorbate(5).

ABSORPTION AND TRANSPORT CoQ10 is a lipophilic substance (or fat-soluble nutrient) and is therefore absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract by the same method as lipids, such as vitamin E(2). Being hydrophobic and of large molecular weight, the absorption of dietary CoQ10 is enhanced in the presence of lipids or fatty meals. However, absorption of pure supplemental CoQ10 products is not reliant on gastric digestion. Rather, secretions from the pancreas and bile acid facilitate emulsification and micelle formation that is necessary for the absorption of CoQ10 in the small intestine. Following absorption, CoQ10 is packaged into chylomicrons and transported via the lymphatics to the circulation. Being mostly carried by VLDL/LDL particles, plasma CoQ10 concentrations are highly dependent on plasma lipoproteins. In the human circulatory system, about 95% of CoQ10 in circulation exists in its reduced form as ubiquinol. CoQ10 is most concentrated in tissues with high energy requirements such as the heart, brain, liver, muscles and kidney. Studies show that with chronic dosing, there appears to be a dose-dependent relationship between supplementation and CoQ10 tissue levels for oil-based, powder-based and solubilized formulations of CoQ10. Regarding dietary supplementation of CoQ10, solubilized formulations show enhanced bioavailability relative to powder-based and oil-based formulations which have similar bioavailability. Indicating it is slowly absorbed, the Tmax of CoQ10 is about 6 h for all products, and healthy adult plasma CoQ10 values range from 0.4–1.91 mmol/l2.

Quantity

60capsules/ bottle

Dose

1 or 2 capsules once or twice daily with meals or as directed by your health care
practitioner.
2 capsules provides 200 mg coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone-10 from Japan, bacterial
fermentation).

Potential side effects/Safety

CoQ10 has an excellent safety record. The observed safe level risk assessment
method reveals strong evidence of safety at intakes up to 1200 mg/day(1).
Adverse effects with CoQ10 supplementation are rare with <1% of the patient
population reporting GI discomfort(3).
There may be potential interactions with warfarin (coumadin), and due to
CoQ10's potential hypoglycemic and hypotensive effects, discuss adjunctive
use of CoQ10 with other medications with a health care provider(3). There is not
enough scientific evidence to support the safe use of CoQ10 during pregnancy
or lactation(3).
Statins, which are potent inhibitors of cholesterol biosynthesis, also inhibit CoQ10
synthesis and thus lower its endogenous levels in the body(6). Even brief exposure
to statin therapy causes a marked decrease in blood CoQ10 concentration leading
to exercise intolerance, myalgia (heart pain) and myoglobinuria. However, these
conditions are reversed with CoQ10 supplementation(6).

References

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1. Hathcock JN, Shao A. Reg Tox Pharmacol 2006;45:282-88.
2. Bhagavan HN, Chopra RK. Free Rad Res 2006;40:445-53.
3. Bonakdar RA, Guarneri E. Am Fam Physician 2005; 72:1065-70.
4. Littarru GP, Tiano L. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2005;8:641-46.
5. Ernster L, Dallner G. Biochim Biophys Acta 1995;1271:195-204.
6. Rundek T. Arch Neurol 2004;61:889-92.
7. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/natural/patient-coenzymeq10.html
8. Belardinelli R, et al. Eur Heart J 2006;27:2675-81.
9. Rosenfeldt F, et al. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2005;129:25-32.
10. Rosenfeldt F, et al. Biofactors 2003;18:91-100.
11. Shults CW, et al. Arch Neurol 2002;59:1541-50.
12. Perumal SS et al. Mol Cell Biochem 2005;273:151-60.
13. Hodgson JM, et al. Eur J Clin Nutr 2002;56:1137-42.